TABLE OF CONTENTS
| ➤ | What is Diabetes |
| ➤ | Types of Diabetes |
| ➤ | Type 1 Diabetes |
| ➤ | Type 2 Diabetes |
| ➤ | Gestational Diabetes |
| ➤ | Post Analysis |
| ➤ | FaQ (Frequently Asked Questions) |
What is Diabetes
Diabetes is a condition where patients may end up with very high or even very low blood sugars and blood sugars get too high, patients to need to start pills or sometimes 'Insulin' to reduce blood sugar. Occasionally patients who take too much insulin finish up with very low blood sugars.
Diabetes is a disease that occurs when the quantity of glucose or blood sugar gets too high. This is glucose, the main source of our body's energy which comes mostly from the diet(food). We eat normally insulin a hormone made by the pancreas helps glucose from our food get into ourselves to be used for energy. But, what occurs if we can't produce enough insulin or we produce none at all.
Let's take a look at the pancreas where insulin is made with type one diabetes. Our body's immune system destroys the cells in our 'Pancreas', this means our body can no longer make insulin and we need to take it regularly to live. In type 2 diabetes either our body doesn't use insulin well or the pancreas makes some insulin but not enough to carry sufficient glucose into the cells. Either way, we need to make up the difference by taking Insulin or other diabetes medications to control our blood sugar with either type of diabetes. Glucose levels in our blood can get extremely high which can lead to health problems, including:
• Heart
• Kidney
• Nerve
• Eye Diseases etc.
Though diabetes is serious it can be managed, so it is less likely to cause health problems for people with 'Diabetes', check your average blood glucose level with an "a1c Test" to define whether that level exists within your target range to reduce health problems. We also need to take our prescribed diabetes medicines to make healthy food and activity choices manage our blood pressure and cholesterol and quit smoking to help us live healthier lives to learn more about diabetes & how you can delay or prevent health problems.
Types of Diabetes
⇌ Type 1 Diabetes
⇌ Type 2 Diabetes
⇌ Gestational Diabetes
Type 1 Diabetes
The first type of diabetes is a condition in which the 'Pancreas does not produce Insulin'. It is a hormone your body needs to maintain adequate levels of sugar in the blood after you eat foods that contain carbohydrates. The chemicals in the small intestine demolish them into mono sugar molecules called glucose.
The cells that line the small intestine absorb glucose that passes into the bloodstream when the blood reaches the pancreas, the 'Beta Cells' inside the pancreas discover high glucose levels. Beta cells secrete insulin into your bloodstream to reduce glucose levels and keep blood glucose within a healthy range. Most cells in the body have specific receptors on their surface that are attached to insulin in the bloodstream. Insulin behaves like a key in a lock to open the cell, the blood glucose can enter the cell.
Your cell can use glucose to produce energy, it needs to function properly. If you have type 1 diabetes, beta cells in the pancreas lose the ability to produce insulin, This results in high levels of sugar (glucose) in the blood and other complications. Types 1 diabetes, the immune system, and in particular white blood cells, beta cells are mistaken in the pancreas as foreign bodies. In an 'Autoimmune Response', white blood cells secrete the antibodies that destroy your beta cells.
As a result, the pancreas produces little or no insulin without insulin, glucose cannot enter your cells, so you are hungry for energy, That you should take from glucoseIn addition, the level of glucose accumulates in the bloodstream, leading to a condition this is called high blood sugar.
Common Symptoms of High Blood Sugar in the First Type from Diabetes
• Excessive Hunger
• Extreme Thirst
• Frequent Urination
• Weight Loss for Unclear Reasons
• Fatigue
• Weakness
• Irritability
• Blurry Vision Etc.
If high blood sugar is not treated, you can become very ill because you do not have enough insulin circulating in the bloodstream, your body cells cannot use glucose for energy.
As a result, your body destroys fat and protein stores As an alternative energy source As fats are still demolished, some byproducts, known as 'Ketone', accumulate in the blood causing a condition called ketosis When ketones rise to dangerous levels It produces a life-threatening condition called 'Diabetic Ketoacidosis'. If blood glucose levels remain high over time, long-term health problems, such as
If you have type 1 diabetes, your goal is to keep blood glucose within the normal range. This is done through a group of suitable insulin alternatives blood glucose monitoring just as important, 'Eat a Healthy Diet' and exercise regularly because the pancreas no longer produces insulin. You will need to take insulin to replace what your body must produce.
A licensed medical professional can train you on 'How to inject Insulin directly under the skin'. You will need to give yourself an injection several times every day and Alternate Injection Sites to avoid tissue damage and absorption problems.
Another way to get insulin is with an insulin pump, which is attached to your body. Insulin is transferred through a tube implanted under your skin. You will need to check your blood glucose level several times a day with a 'Glucose Meter'. To do this, you'll prick the finger with a small needle called a chewer And put a drop of blood in the sugar meter (glucometer). Knowing your blood sugar level allows you In controlling your insulin dose, calories you eat during meals, and physical activity. You will need to follow a healthy diet and exercise regularly to manage your glucose level and it reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Type 2 Diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is a condition in which your 'Blood sugar level is Very High'. After you eat food that contains carbohydrates, chemicals in your small intestine divide them down into single sugar molecules called glucose. The cells lining your little intestine absorb the glucose, which passes into the bloodstream. When the blood reaches your pancreas, beta cells inside the pancreas recognize the rising glucose levels. To decrease the glucose level, your beta cells release insulin into your bloodstream. As the blood travels through your body, the insulin & glucose exit the bloodstream into your tissues to reach your body's cells. Most cells of the body have certain receptors on their surface that connect to the circulating insulin.
Insulin acts like a key in a lock to unlock up the cell so that the circulating glucose can get inside the cell. Now, your cell can utilize glucose to produce the energy, it needs to function properly. If you have type 2 diabetes, either your pancreas does not produce enough insulin or your body's cells resist its effects or both. If you have insulin resistance, your insulin can't unlock the cells to let glucose in because of the locks, termed receptors, are abnormal or missing.
As a result, glucose is locked out from your cells. Consequently, the amount of glucose builds up in your bloodstream in a condition called 'Hyperglycemia', To compensate for hyperglycemia, your pancreas produces more and more insulin. Your overworked beta cells try to keep up with the demand but gradually lose their ability to produce sufficient insulin.
Due to Hyperglycemia and the Lack of Insulin, You May Experience the Following Classic Symptoms of Diabetes
• Excessive Hunger
• Excessive Thirst
• Increased Urine Volume
• Unexplained Weight Loss
Symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes that may Appear Over Time
• Fatigue
• Recurrent Infections
• Changes in Vision
• Itching
• Tingling
• Prickling Sensations
Life-Threatening Complications of Type 2 Diabetes
If you don't receive treatment for hyperglycemia, diabetic ketoacidosis can result. Because you no longer have enough insulin circulating in your blood, your cells can't get the glucose, they need to produce energy.
As a result, your body turns to fats and proteins as an alternative source of energy. During the fat breakdown process, certain by-products known as ketone bodies, accumulate in your blood, resulting in a condition called ketosis. If ketones build up to dangerously high levels in your bloodstream, you may develop diabetic ketoacidosis, or DKA, which can lead to 'Coma and Death'.
Another complication resulting from failure to treat hyperglycemia called a 'hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome, or HHNS'. As insulin deficiency continues, your blood glucose level increases. In response, your kidneys filter excess glucose out of the blood into the urine, along with large amounts of water. Unless you consume large amounts of water, your kidneys cannot keep up with the demand of removing the glucose from your bloodstream and diluting it sufficiently in the urine. As a result, your blood becomes much more concentrated than normal, a condition called hyperosmolarity.
Hyperosmolarity pulls water out of your body tissues into your bloodstream, causing severe dehydration, which may lead to the 'Hyperosmolar Hypoglycemic Nonketotic Syndrome'. Neurological symptoms, such as
• Seizures
• Coma can occur
If you take an excessive dose of diabetic medication, you may experience an acute complication called hypoglycemia or 'Insulin Shock'. Excessive insulin or oral hypoglycemic medication causes too much glucose to go into cells, leaving an insufficient amount in your bloodstream. Certain organs, such as the brain, need a constant energy supply to function properly. Because of the brain's primary source of energy is glucose, it is the first organ affected by lower glucose levels. When your brain cells, called neurons, are starved for glucose, they start to malfunction, causing symptoms such as
• Nervousness
• Shakiness
• Confusion
If your glucose level continues to drop, the electrical activity of your neurons-diminishes significantly, resulting in seizures or diabetic coma. Over time, chronic poorly controlled type 2 diabetes can cause degenerative tissue damage, resulting in longterm complications such as
• Atherosclerosis
• Blindness
• Neuropathy
• Renal Failure
To avoid the complications of type 2 diabetes, you can take steps to keep your glucose level within a normal range using a combination of
• Blood Glucose Monitoring
• A Healthy Diet
• Regular Exercise
• Medications as necessary
You will need to check the level of glucose in your blood frequently with a glucometer. To do this, you will prick your finger with a small needle called a lancet and place a drop of blood on the strip attached to the glucometer. Based on your blood glucose level, you may need to adjust your meals, physical activity, or medication dose.
Eating a healthy diet will help to lower your glucose level when you eat a diet rich in
• Fruits
• Vegetables
• Whole Grains have meals and snacks at about the same time every day.
Consume the right balance of
• Carbohydrates
• Proteins
• Fat minimizes your intake of high sugar foods.
Getting regular exercise, even just 30 minutes a day will lower your
• Blood Glucose Level
• Decrease Insulin Resistance
• And May Lead to Weight Loss.
You may need to take one or more diabetic medications to help lower blood glucose. Some of these medications increase insulin production in your pancreas. Others decrease insulin resistance in your skeletal muscles. Some treatments increase insulin sensitivity in certain tissues, Others promote a slight decrease in the absorption of glucose in your digestive system. If your type 2 diabetes can not be controlled with diet, exercise, and oral medications, your doctor may prescribe insulin and train you to inject it just under your skin. By treating and controlling your blood glucose level, you may prevent the occurrence of complications from type 2 diabetes.
Gestational Diabetes
What is Gestational Diabetes
Diabetes is a condition where the levels of glucose into the blood are too high. Gestational diabetes is a type of 'Diabetes that occurs During Pregnancy', affecting approximately 5 to 9 percent of all pregnancies. In gestational diabetes blood, glucose levels in the woman are raised above the normal ranges for pregnancy after the baby is born. The mother's blood glucose levels usually return to normal to help us to understand gestational diabetes.
Let's have a look at how our body usually uses carbohydrate foods and balances. Our beloved Glucose levels over the day food are made up of carbohydrates, fats, and protein. These nutrients are digested into smaller parts that are used by the body for different purposes. Carbohydrate foods are broken down to glucose which is absorbed into the bloodstream in response to rising blood glucose levels, the pancreas releases a hormone called Insulin which allows glucose to be transported from the bloodstream into ourselves, to be used as energy.
You can think of insulin-like a key, opening the door to let the glucose into the cell because the body likes to have a certain amount of glucose in the bloodstream, the pancreas will release more insulin when blood glucose levels are high. Any excess glucose is stored in the liver or muscle, this stored glucose is released when blood glucose levels start to drop too low. This usually happens between meals and overnight blood glucose levels range from four to eight millimoles a liter in people without diabetes.
You may have freshly been diagnosed with gestational diabetes. The following information will explain why this is happening the 'Placenta' is an important organ during pregnancy that allows oxygen of food to pass from you to your baby. The placenta produces hormones that support your baby to grow and develop. These hormones also interfere with the action of the mother's insulin leading to insulin resistance during pregnancy. You need to produce two to three times more insulin to overcome sealing resistance If the body is unable to produce the extra insulin. Required too much glucose will stay in the bloodstream leading to gestational diabetes. Once your baby has been born your insulin requirements will return to normal there are usually no symptoms associated with gestational diabetes.
Therefore it is very important to be screened screening for gestational diabetes involves an 'Oral Glucose Tolerance Test'. Most women are screened around the 24th to 28th week of pregnancy as at this stage hormone levels are higher than they were earlier in the pregnancy diagnosis. At this stage allows time to manage your blood glucose levels to manage the baby's growth and prevent complications. some women may be screened earlier than the 24th to the 28th week, if they are at a higher risk of developing gestational diabetes, you are at risk of developing gestational diabetes.
If you are over 30 years of age have a family history of type 2 diabetes are above for your healthy weight range have had gestational diabetes with the previous pregnancy are an
• Indigenous Australian
• Or Torres Strait Islander
• Or are From Indian Chinese
• Vietnamese Middle-Eastern Polynesian
• Or Melanesian Background.
Most women with gestational diabetes can have a healthy baby if blood glucose levels are kept within a safe range. If left untreated high blood glucose levels can cause health problems for you and your baby.
Let's have a look at how 'High Blood Glucose Levels' can affect you and your baby glucose in your blood crosses the placenta. Therefore if your blood glucose levels are high your baby's blood glucose levels will also be high because your baby produces insulin from an early stage. If their blood glucose levels are high they will make extra insulin which may make them grow faster and bigger than necessary.
This can lead to problems for you and your baby at delivery and after the birth having high blood glucose levels during pregnancy can increase your risk of developing a condition called 'Preeclampsia' a condition that would lead to high blood pressure and protein in the urine. If your baby grows too large there is also a risk of early delivery or the need for instrumental delivery or a cesarean section if your baby has been exposed to high blood glucose levels during pregnancy.
This can lead to problems for you and your baby at delivery and after the birth having high blood glucose levels during pregnancy can increase your risk of developing a condition called 'Preeclampsia' a condition that would lead to high blood pressure and protein in the urine. If your baby grows too large there is also a risk of early delivery or the need for instrumental delivery or a cesarean section if your baby has been exposed to high blood glucose levels during pregnancy.
They may experience low blood glucose levels for a few days after delivery as they continue to make extra insulin for a day or two after birth. Even though they are not being supplied the same amount of glucose as they were in the Uterus. Your baby will not be born with diabetes.
There are also health risks for you and your baby in the future having gestational diabetes means that both you and your baby are at risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life. Your baby is also more likely to be overweight in childhood and young adulthood. although there are risks associated with gestational diabetes the good news is that gestational diabetes can be managed to reduce these risks.
There are also health risks for you and your baby in the future having gestational diabetes means that both you and your baby are at risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life. Your baby is also more likely to be overweight in childhood and young adulthood. although there are risks associated with gestational diabetes the good news is that gestational diabetes can be managed to reduce these risks.
Post Analysis
!!! Be Safe !!!
!!! Be Alert !!!
!!! Be Healthy !!!
FaQ (Frequently Asked Questions)
⇌ Can Type 2 diabetes turn to type 1 diabetes?
➤ No, It's Not Possible.
⇌ Can Type 2 diabetes kill you?
➤ Sometimes Yes or Sometimes No. It Depends on the situation.
Type 2 diabetes is the 7th leading cause of death in the US.
⇌ Which is worse type 1 or type 2 diabetes?
➤ Type 2 Diabetes, because it increases the risk of heart disease.
⇌ Which diabetes is more common?
➤ Type 2 Diabetes.
⇌ Can you be born with diabetes?
➤ Yes, But Rarely.
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